When Hurricane Laura hit last week,
all I could think about was Katrina. The world considers August 29 the
anniversary of Hurricane Katrina. For New Orleans residents like myself, that
date marks the mere beginning of a disaster that unfolded over the course of a
week and then reverberated for years and years. It’s a trauma we relive with
each new storm. And despite climate scientists’ many warnings to prepare for
more storms ahead, the fundamental pattern of human suffering and inequity seems
to repeat itself.
Hurricane Katrina passed over New
Orleans on August 29, 2005. Over the next day or so, the area filled with water from
the many breaches in the federally built levee system that was supposed to
protect the city. My neighbors then either died or were rescued from their
roofs, as the Superdome and the Convention Center filled with the city’s most
vulnerable residents. Then drinking water ran out, and somehow no one could get
water to my suffering neighbors for almost a week.
My partner and I, evacuated to
Florida, learned about our beloved city’s destruction through the racist prism
of national television. Nancy Grace was the first talking head I watched shift
focus from the information we really needed onto “looting”—as if the theft of TVs and diapers represented the worst things happening during that week of death and
destruction.
“I remember hearing these nightmare
stories about what was happening in the Superdome, which turned out not to be
true,” Evlondo Cooper told me over the phone this week. A senior writer and
researcher for Media Matters who analyzed 669 news segments covering Louisiana’s last several
big hurricanes, Cooper’s also a native New Orleanian whom Katrina forced out.
“The mainstream media definitely played up the angle, ‘They’re animals, they’re
killing and raping each other,’ but none of those segments mentioned the
disproportionate impacts of storms on communities of color,” said Cooper. “And
this ends up leading to public policies that don’t take into account the lived
experienced and material needs of marginalized communities.”
Cooper’s last point has proven
abundantly true in New Orleans in the 15 years since Katrina. Today, a tourist
could look around at the cleaned-up, renovated city and forget the flood ever
happened. Locals, though, don’t see an uplifting comeback story. Racial inequity
still poisons everything here. Our public schools became
union-busting charter schools, with community control swapped out for
six-figure CEOs. Airbnb arrived in New Orleans during
Katrina’s protracted housing crisis, and soon the country’s “oldest Black
neighborhood,” the Treme, became the city’s newest white neighborhood, with
whole blocks converted into short-term rentals—faux-tels in local parlance—that currently sit empty
during the pandemic.
A local tending bar or waiting tables
must endure smiling visitors constantly asking, “Were you here for Katrina?” The question immediately recalls the worst traumas of their lives. Photos of flooding
from New Orleans and all over America regularly dominate social media
timelines, as our climate continues to change. I personally could stand to
never see another photo of any floodwaters ever again. But then Katrina’s
anniversary returns and we’re all forced to remember The Big One, reliving our
traumas for a mildly interested American public.
So New Orleanians were already facing
triggers upon triggers by the time Hurricanes Marco and Laura appeared on the
Doppler radar last week, both of them predicted to smack New Orleans right in
the face. Marco petered out, but Laura tracked west and finally touched down in
Louisiana’s Cameron Parish as a Category 4, with 150 mph
winds. Within 24 hours, Laura caused six deaths, knocked out running water for 200,000
residents, and started at least one massive chemical fire. Hardest hit was
Lake Charles, a roughly half-Black, half-white city of 80,000 people who, together, on Katrina’s anniversary, absorbed the biggest hurricane to hit Louisiana in 160
years.
After years of writing about the manmade
catastrophe we call Katrina, my mind quickly goes to recurring risk factors
whenever any new disaster crops up. And in the days following Hurricane Laura,
I started to reach out to contacts in the region, who confirmed a familiar
story.
My first worry is always Louisiana’s
overabundant oil and gas infrastructure. In Lake Charles this week,
Laura lit a chlorine plant on fire, bringing a shelter-in-place order down from
local government to all residents close enough to inhale the fumes. Equally
worrisome were the reported 1,400 active oil wells in Laura’s path, plus
Louisiana’s supposedly 4,300 orphaned wells rusting
away in Louisiana’s gorgeous marshes. According to the local paper, Katrina
damaged 100 oil platforms and 400 pipelines, spilling almost 11 million gallons of oil into
Louisiana’s singularly amazing coastal ecology.
“It’s going to be pretty bad,” John
Beard Jr., who spent 38 years with Exxon before founding his own company, Pa-can,
told me. “Since Covid came along, you have fewer people flying, fewer
people traveling, so there’s less demand for oil,” he said. “And this has
caused a number of these facilities to reduce production, which means a
reduction in force.” That, in turn, meant there weren’t really enough workers
around to properly shut down these plants before Laura, and there likely won’t
be enough people around to clean up the petrochemical messes Laura may have caused but that we haven’t heard about yet. Even if companies could afford enough
workers, Lake Charles now lacks accommodations to house those workers. That’s
to say nothing of the coronavirus risk, were companies to try to bring in
people temporarily for cleanup.
A fisherman and seafood fan myself, I
also worry about Louisiana’s fishing industry, rebuilt
after Katrina only to be dealt another crushing blow by
BP’s Deepwater Horizon oil spill in 2010. So I called to check on Captain Gary
Peloquin of Hackberry Guide Service, who for the last 30 years has helped
tourists catch redfish and trout near Lake Charles. “There’s not much of
Hackberry left. Everything’s been flattened,” reported Peloquin. “My boat was
under my carport, and a tree so big you can’t put your arm around it smashed
down on my carport,” he said. “The fishing itself isn’t going to be terrible
since these storms do push the fish in. Problem is, nobody can fish if they
don’t have boats!”
Commercial fisherman with strategic
savings and insurance will survive, he added. “It’s the crabbers and shrimpers
with no insurance, who pay bills by the seat of their pants. Those are the guys
who will be killed off. But
fishing is so far from my mind right now,” he admitted. “We’re on our third day
now, and no one in Lake Charles has any electricity or water.”
Because, during Katrina, New Orleans
Sheriff Marlin Gusman left prison inmates locked in their cells as the
rest of the city evacuated, new hurricanes always make me worry for
those incarcerated here in Louisiana, the world’s incarceration
capital. Holly Hein Parker, who
spoke to me from Houston, said her husband was evacuated by bus for Hurricane
Laura from Gist State Jail in Beaumont, Texas, to nearby Ferguson. “They moved 3,400 incarcerated people in all. And
if they’re moving that many people at once … I don’t see how they could be
doing Covid prevention,” she said. “My husband says they were all packed in a
gymnasium together like sardines.… When I asked if they were taking Covid
protections, my husband just laughed.” The pandemic has already kept her
husband from taking the special classes necessary for his parole, and kept him
in jail for unnecessary extra months. Parker now fears Laura may keep him
imprisoned even longer.
Lake Charles is also part of
Louisiana’s famous Acadiana region, a central location for almost all of the
zydeco bands in the world. “The entirety of Lake Charles, from Cameron on the Gulf Coast all the way up to DeQuincy, Deridder, and Shreveport, it’s complete
and total destruction,” said Lake Charles native accordion player and
bandleader Sean Ardoin, great-grandson of Creole accordionist Amédé Ardoin, grandson
of famous Creole musician Bois Sec Ardoin, and son of Lawrence
“Black” Ardoin, who led the Ardoin Brothers band. “At my house I have
trees down, but I prayed so hard they wouldn’t hit the house that it worked,”
Ardoin laughed. “I do have roof damage. And I had a really well-built gazebo, a
very big structure, that’s now leaning against my house.”
Ardoin fears the ways in which Laura
will build upon all of 2020’s other roadblocks. “Being a musician was already
jacked up because of Covid,” he told me. “I’d finally gotten an agent, to help
take advantage of these Grammy nominations I’ve had. Then everything shut down.
We luckily have gotten a few online gigs, and a TV commercial that will pay
some bills … but then all of a sudden Laura comes through, and we literally
cannot live in our own homes for weeks, maybe months. I’m lucky that a few
people have reached out and blessed me with finances,” he said. Ardoin is doing
better than many of his fellow Acadian musicians. “The music will survive
because we always survive,” Ardoin assures me. “But it’s taking a hit now.”
Lake Charles is not generally thought
of as a place for young people, given the draw of bigger cities like New
Orleans, Baton Rouge, or at least Lafayette. But 22-year-old Breon
Robinson’s online activism on behalf of her destroyed hometown
of Lake Charles has caught many people’s attention. “We have so many
generations here, including my generation,” says Robinson, whose father helped
run Lake Charles’s first-ever Black radio station, and whose grandfather taught
her Creole French. As Laura bore down, Robinson’s mom worked a 50-hour shift for
city government, helping organize and evacuate residents.
Robinson and her mother escaped to
Spring, Texas, about two and a half hours away, before the storm hit last
Thursday. They returned to a devastated community. “We had a whole family die
of carbon monoxide poisoning from their generator. And then we’re not getting
the media attention, no celebrities. I realize there’s a lot going on with
coronavirus, the election year, plus Lake Charles is not a known city, but.… ” She trailed off.
I felt that. I remember how New
Orleans struggled to keep the media interested in our years-long Katrina plight.
In these coming weeks, I’d guess Lake Charles will receive almost no coverage,
even though its suffering is just beginning. Through a media lens, I can see
how Laura’s destruction would not play as sexy as Katrina’s in New Orleans.
Wind damage just isn’t as gruesomely photogenic as a well-known American city
filled with poisonous floodwater.
“I feel positive, though,” Robinson
added. “[Being young] in Lake Charles is hard … but we also have a lot of
people here who are growing, budding entrepreneurs, and budding rappers and
artists and activists, and people who want to see Lake Charles grow and be a
better place. We’re taking a stand for our city now.”
These words inspired me—to a point. New
Orleans survived Katrina, after all. We are still here. But climate change
still exists, and that next Friday morning, as Laura died over Arkansas, weather services began tracking two brand-new tropical
disturbances swirling around out there in the
Atlantic Ocean, headed toward the Gulf of Mexico. And again, the clouds gathered
over Louisiana.